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Xiaoyan I. Leng MD, PhD

TitleAssociate Professor
InstitutionWake Forest School of Medicine
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    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
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    1. Stapleton J, Greene KA, Leng X, Lenchik L, Lyles MF, Nicklas BJ, Baker AM, Helgason B, Devane K, Shapses SA, Houston DK, Weaver AA. Authors' reply to comment on: Effect of protein supplementation on hip bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and bone strength in older adult participants during a caloric restriction and aerobic exercise weight loss intervention: a randomized controlled trial. Osteoporos Int. 2026 Mar 13. PMID: 41824059.
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    2. Weaver AA, Greene KA, Leng X, Lenchik L, Lyles MF, Nicklas BJ, Baker AM, Helgason B, Stapleton J, Devane K, Shapses SA, Houston DK. Effect of protein supplementation on hip bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and bone strength in older adult participants during a caloric restriction and aerobic exercise weight loss intervention: a randomized controlled trial. Osteoporos Int. 2026 Feb; 37(2):361-372. PMID: 41553490.
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    3. Chae K, Leng X, Neiberg RH, Bray GA, Johnson KC, Hill JO, Jakicic JM, Chao AM, Beavers KM, Pownall HJ, Kritchevsky SB, Houston DK. Long-term change in body composition following intentional weight loss and its effect on physical function. Int J Obes (Lond). 2025 Dec 23. PMID: 41436890.
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    4. Sachs BC, Latham LA, Isom S, Clark LR, Craft S, Duff K, Espeland MA, Farias ST, Gaussoin SA, Goldstein FC, Hampstead BM, Jayadev S, Jicha GA, Kukull WA, Leng XI, Mechanic-Hamilton D, Neugroschl J, Papp KV, Saykin AJ, Sewell MC, Rapp SR. Multi-site video-based assessment with the NACC UDS-Version 3 battery: Design and participant experience in the V-Cog study. Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Oct; 21(10):e70842. PMID: 41137629.
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    5. Jakubek YA, Smith AP, Leng XI, Hall ME, Ezzat D, Pershad Y, Collins JM, Uddin MM, Fardo DW, Natarajan P, Bick AG, Kitzman JO, Honigberg MC, Hayden KM, Manson JE, Jaiswal S, Whitsel EA, Reiner AP. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and the risk of cognitive impairment in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study. Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Oct; 21(10):e70737. PMID: 41025350.
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    6. Baker LD, Espeland MA, Whitmer RA, Snyder HM, Leng X, Lovato L, Papp KV, Yu M, Kivipelto M, Alexander AS, Antkowiak S, Cleveland M, Day C, Elbein R, Tomaszewski Farias S, Felton D, Garcia KR, Gitelman DR, Graef S, Howard M, Katula J, Lambert K, Matongo O, McDonald AM, Pavlik V, Raman R, Salloway S, Tangney C, Ventrelle J, Wilmoth S, Willliams BJ, Wing R, Woolard N, Carrillo MC. Structured vs Self-Guided Multidomain Lifestyle Interventions for Global Cognitive Function: The US POINTER Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2025 Aug 26; 334(8):681-691. PMID: 40720610.
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    7. Kuan-Celarier A, Wallander ML, Hartzell J, Lees B, Leng XI, Kramer PA, Day NJ, Qian WJ, Ahn B. Mitochondrial bioenergetics in resilience of older adults with gynecologic cancer: design and rationale of a pilot study. Geroscience. 2026 Feb; 48(1):253-262. PMID: 40810770.
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    8. Papp KV, Farias ST, Howard M, Thro A, Ngandu T, Caudle B, Sachs BC, Chan M, Krueger KR, Hartman ERT, Lee A, York MK, Austin MT, Demos KE, Holland TM, Leng X, Raman R, Snyder HM, Carrillo MC, Whitmer RA, Espeland MA, Baker LD. Baseline cognition and demographic, lifestyle, and cardiovascular risk factors in US POINTER. Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Jul; 21(7):e70216. PMID: 40667673.
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    9. Tomaszewski Farias S, Leng I, Papp K, Mehra A, Chan M, York M, Sachs BC, Krueger KR, Lee A, Whitmer R, Snyder HM, Baker LD. Subjective cognitive decline among diverse older adults: Prevalence and associations with objective cognition. Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Jul; 21(7):e70432. PMID: 40572055.
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    10. Thompson AC, Leng X, Miller ME, Register TC, Laurienti PJ, Mielke MM, Craft S, Kritchevsky SB. Relationship of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Plasma Biomarkers With Mobility in Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2025 Jun 10; 80(7). PMID: 40378095.
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    11. Whitmer RA, Baker LD, Carrillo MC, Snyder HM, Cleveland ML, Gitelman DR, Kivipelto M, Leng XI, Lovato L, Papp KV, Pavlik VN, Salloway SP, Tangney CC, Farias ST, Williamson JD, Wilmoth S, Woolard N, Yu M, Espeland MA. Baseline characteristics of the U.S. Study to Protect Brain Health Through Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce Risk (U.S. POINTER): Successful enrollment of a diverse clinical trial cohort at risk for cognitive decline. Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Jun; 21(6):e70351. PMID: 40556311.
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    12. Ehrig M, Bullock GS, Leng XI, Pajewski NM, Speiser JL. Imputation and Missing Indicators for Handling Missing Longitudinal Data: Data Simulation Analysis Based on Electronic Health Record Data. JMIR Med Inform. 2025 Mar 13; 13:e64354. PMID: 40080075.
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    13. Brinkley TE, Garcia KR, Mitchell GF, Tegeler CH, Sarwal A, Bennett J, Kitzman DW, Leng I, Baker LD, Espeland MA, Snyder HM, Claassen JA, Bailey MJ, Shaltout HA. The U.S. POINTER neurovascular ancillary study: Study design and methods. Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Feb; 21(2):e14574. PMID: 39992278.
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    14. Krishnamurthy S, Lu L, Johnson CJ, Baker LD, Leng X, Gaussoin SA, Hughes TM, Ma D, Caban-Holt A, Byrd GS, Craft S, Lockhart SN, Bateman JR. Impact of neighborhood disadvantage on cardiometabolic health and cognition in a community-dwelling cohort. Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2024; 16(4):e70021. PMID: 39780773.
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    15. Sachs BC, Latham LA, Bateman JR, Cleveland MJ, Espeland MA, Fischer E, Gaussoin SA, Leng I, Rapp SR, Rogers S, Shappell HM, Williams BJ, Yang M, Craft S. Feasibility of Remote Administration of the Uniform Data Set-Version 3 for Assessment of Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2024 Jul 24; 39(5):635-643. PMID: 38291734.
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    16. Justice JN, Leng XI, LeBrasseur NK, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Mitin N, Liu Y, Kritchevsky SB, Nicklas BJ, Ding J. Caloric Restriction Intervention Alters Specific Circulating Biomarkers of the Senescence-Associated Secretome in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Obesity and Prediabetes in an 18-Week Randomized Controlled Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2024 Jan 01; 79(1). PMID: 37738560.
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    17. Calancie L, Leng XI, Whitsel EA, Cené C, Hassmiller Lich K, Dave G, Corbie G. Racial disparities in stroke incidence in the Women's Health Initiative: Exploring biological, behavioral, psychosocial, and social risk factors. SSM Popul Health. 2024 Mar; 25:101570. PMID: 38313870.
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    18. Grayson JM, Short SM, Lee CJ, Park N, Marsac C, Sette A, Lindestam Arlehamn CS, Leng XI, Lockhart SN, Craft S. T cell exhaustion is associated with cognitive status and amyloid accumulation in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 22; 13(1):15779. PMID: 37737298.
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    19. Handing EP, Hayden KM, Leng XI, Kritchevsky SB. Predictors of cognitive and physical decline: Results from the Health Aging and Body Composition Study. Front Aging Neurosci. 2023; 15:1122421. PMID: 36891556.
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    20. Parker-Autry C, Neiberg R, Leng XI, Matthews CA, Dumoulin C, Kuchel G, Kritchevsky SB. Examining the Role of Nonsurgical Therapy in the Treatment of Geriatric Urinary Incontinence. Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Aug 01; 140(2):243-251. PMID: 35852275.
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    21. Ding H, George S, Leng XI, Ihnat M, Ma JX, Jiang G, Margolis D, Dumond J, Zhang Y. Silk fibers assisted long-term 3D culture of human primary urinary stem cells via inhibition of senescence-associated genes: Potential use in the assessment of chronic mitochondrial toxicity. Mater Today Adv. 2022 Aug; 15. PMID: 36212078.
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    22. Brinkley TE, Leng I, Register TC, Neth BJ, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Craft S. Changes in Adiposity and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers Following a Modified Mediterranean Ketogenic Diet in Older Adults at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci. 2022; 16:906539. PMID: 35720727.
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    23. Ding H, Jambunathan K, Jiang G, Margolis DM, Leng I, Ihnat M, Ma JX, Mirsalis J, Zhang Y. 3D Spheroids of Human Primary Urine-Derived Stem Cells in the Assessment of Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Toxicity. Pharmaceutics. 2022 May 11; 14(5). PMID: 35631624.
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    24. Fanning J, Rejeski WJ, Leng I, Barnett C, Lovato JF, Lyles MF, Nicklas BJ. Response to "The problems hiding in the self-report basis in a weight loss maintenance trial". Obesity (Silver Spring). 2022 Apr; 30(4):798. PMID: 35244340.
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    25. Cené CW, Leng XI, Faraz K, Allison M, Breathett K, Bird C, Coday M, Corbie-Smith G, Foraker R, Ijioma NN, Rosal MC, Sealy-Jefferson S, Shippee TP, Kroenke CH. Social Isolation and Incident Heart Failure Hospitalization in Older Women: Women's Health Initiative Study Findings. J Am Heart Assoc. 2022 Mar; 11(5):e022907. PMID: 35189692.
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    26. Fanning J, Rejeski WJ, Leng I, Barnett C, Lovato JF, Lyles MF, Nicklas BJ. Intervening on exercise and daylong movement for weight loss maintenance in older adults: A randomized, clinical trial. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2022 Jan; 30(1):85-95. PMID: 34932885.
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    27. Parker-Autry C, Neiberg RH, Leng I, Colombo L, Kuchel GA, Kritchevsky SB. The geriatric incontinence syndrome: Characterizing geriatric incontinence in older women. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2021 Nov; 69(11):3225-3231. PMID: 34519024.
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    28. Gong ZC, Wu ZL, Wen YA, Zou JP, Wang X, Leng X, Bleyer AJ, Deng C, Feloney MP, Zhang Y, Zhao SC. Sexual Dysfunction in Patients With Urinary Bladder Stones but no Bladder Outlet Obstruction. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021; 8:704360. PMID: 34604254.
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    29. Parker-Autry C, Leng I, Matthews CA, Thorne N, Kritchevsky S. Characterizing the physical function decline and disabilities present among older adults with fecal incontinence: a secondary analysis of the health, aging, and body composition study. Int Urogynecol J. 2022 Oct; 33(10):2815-2824. PMID: 34379165.
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    30. Brinkley TE, Leng I, Bailey MJ, Houston DK, Hugenschmidt CE, Nicklas BJ, Hundley WG. Effects of Exercise and Weight Loss on Proximal Aortic Stiffness in Older Adults With Obesity. Circulation. 2021 Aug 31; 144(9):684-693. PMID: 34333991.
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    31. Handing EP, Leng XI, Kritchevsky SB, Craft S. Association Between Physical Performance and Cognitive Function in Older Adults Across Multiple Studies: A Pooled Analysis Study. Innov Aging. 2020; 4(6):igaa050. PMID: 33241126.
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    32. Brooks AK, Miller DP, Fanning JT, Suftin EL, Reid MC, Wells BJ, Leng X, Hurley RW. A Pain eHealth Platform for Engaging Obese, Older Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain in Nonpharmacological Pain Treatments: Protocol for a Pilot Feasibility Study. JMIR Res Protoc. 2020 Jan 02; 9(1):e14525. PMID: 31895042.
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    33. Nicklas BJ, Brinkley TE, Houston DK, Lyles MF, Hugenschmidt CE, Beavers KM, Leng X. Effects of Caloric Restriction on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Fatigue, and Disability Responses to Aerobic Exercise in Older Adults With Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2019 06 18; 74(7):1084-1090. PMID: 29982294.
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    34. Hugenschmidt CE, Leng X, Lyles M, Michael L, Dougherty A, Babcock P, Baker LD, Brinkley TE, Nicklas BJ. Cognitive Effects of Adding Caloric Restriction to Aerobic Exercise Training in Older Adults with Obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2019 08; 27(8):1266-1274. PMID: 31199592.
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    35. Wang ZM, Leng X, Messi ML, Choi SJ, Marsh AP, Nicklas B, Delbono O. Relationship of Physical Function to Single Muscle Fiber Contractility in Older Adults: Effects of Resistance Training With and Without Caloric Restriction. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2019 02 15; 74(3):412-419. PMID: 29546320.
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    36. Arcury TA, Sandberg JC, Melius KP, Quandt SA, Leng X, Latulipe C, Miller DP, Smith DA, Bertoni AG. Older Adult Internet Use and eHealth Literacy. J Appl Gerontol. 2020 02; 39(2):141-150. PMID: 30353776.
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    37. Fanning J, Opina MT, Leng I, Lyles MF, Nicklas BJ, Rejeski WJ. Empowered with Movement to Prevent Obesity & Weight Regain (EMPOWER): Design and methods. Contemp Clin Trials. 2018 Sep; 72:35-42. PMID: 30026128.
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    38. Kim S, Neiberg R, Rejeski WJ, Marsh AP, Kritchevsky SB, Leng XI, Groban L. Self-reported mobility as a preoperative risk assessment tool in older surgical patients compared to the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Perioper Med (Lond). 2018; 7:12. PMID: 29951202.
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    39. Leng X, Espeland MA, Manson JE, Stefanick ML, Gower EW, Hayden KM, Limacher MC, Vaughan L, Robinson J, Wallace R, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Yaffe K, Shumaker SA. Cognitive Function and Changes in Cognitive Function as Predictors of Incident Cardiovascular Disease: The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2018 05 09; 73(6):779-785. PMID: 28977360.
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    40. Breathett K, Leng I, Foraker RE, Abraham WT, Coker L, Whitfield KE, Shumaker S, Manson JE, Eaton CB, Howard BV, Ijioma N, Cené CW, Martin LW, Johnson KC, Klein L. Risk Factor Burden, Heart Failure, and Survival in Women of Different Ethnic Groups: Insights From the Women's Health Initiative. Circ Heart Fail. 2018 05; 11(5):e004642. PMID: 29716899.
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    41. Arcury TA, Quandt SA, Sandberg JC, Miller DP, Latulipe C, Leng X, Talton JW, Melius KP, Smith A, Bertoni AG. Patient Portal Utilization Among Ethnically Diverse Low Income Older Adults: Observational Study. JMIR Med Inform. 2017 Nov 14; 5(4):e47. PMID: 29138129.
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    42. Kim S, Leng XI, Kritchevsky SB. Body Composition and Physical Function in Older Adults with Various Comorbidities. Innov Aging. 2017 Mar 01; 1(1):igx008. PMID: 30480107.
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    43. Brinkley TE, Leng X, Nicklas BJ, Kritchevsky SB, Ding J, Kitzman DW, Hundley WG. Racial differences in circulating levels of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation endproducts in middle-aged and older adults. Metabolism. 2017 05; 70:98-106. PMID: 28403949.
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    44. Murray AM, Hsu FC, Williamson JD, Bryan RN, Gerstein HC, Sullivan MD, Miller ME, Leng I, Lovato LL, Launer LJ. ACCORDION MIND: results of the observational extension of the ACCORD MIND randomised trial. Diabetologia. 2017 01; 60(1):69-80. PMID: 27766347.
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    45. Henderson RM, Leng XI, Chmelo EA, Brinkley TE, Lyles MF, Marsh AP, Nicklas BJ. Gait speed response to aerobic versus resistance exercise training in older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2017 Oct; 29(5):969-976. PMID: 27682435.
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    46. Beavers KM, Leng I, Rapp SR, Miller ME, Houston DK, Marsh AP, Hire DG, Baker LD, Bray GA, Blackburn GL, Hergenroeder AL, Jakicic JM, Johnson KC, Korytkowski MT, Dorsten BV, Kritchevsky SB. Effects of Longitudinal Glucose Exposure on Cognitive and Physical Function: Results from the Action for Health in Diabetes Movement and Memory Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2017 01; 65(1):137-145. PMID: 27676466.
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    47. Kim S, Marsh AP, Rustowicz L, Roach C, Leng XI, Kritchevsky SB, Rejeski WJ, Groban L. Self-reported Mobility in Older Patients Predicts Early Postoperative Outcomes after Elective Noncardiac Surgery. Anesthesiology. 2016 Apr; 124(4):815-25. PMID: 26978144.
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    48. Weaver KE, Leach CR, Leng X, Danhauer SC, Klepin HD, Vaughan L, Naughton M, Chlebowski RT, Vitolins MZ, Paskett E. Physical Functioning among Women 80 Years of Age and Older With and Without a Cancer History. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Mar; 71 Suppl 1:S23-30. PMID: 26858321.
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    49. Vaughan L, Leng X, La Monte MJ, Tindle HA, Cochrane BB, Shumaker SA. Functional Independence in Late-Life: Maintaining Physical Functioning in Older Adulthood Predicts Daily Life Function after Age 80. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Mar; 71 Suppl 1:S79-86. PMID: 26858328.
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    50. Cené CW, Dilworth-Anderson P, Leng I, Garcia L, Benavente V, Rosal M, Vaughan L, Coker LH, Corbie-Smith G, Kim M, Bell CL, Robinson JG, Manson JE, Cochrane B. Correlates of Successful Aging in Racial and Ethnic Minority Women Age 80 Years and Older: Findings from the Women's Health Initiative. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Mar; 71 Suppl 1:S87-99. PMID: 26858329.
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    51. Stefanick ML, Brunner RL, Leng X, Limacher MC, Bird CE, Garcia DO, Hogan PE, LaMonte MJ, Mackey RH, Johnson KC, LaCroix A, Robinson JG, Seguin RA, Tindle HA, Wassertheil-Smoller S. The Relationship of Cardiovascular Disease to Physical Functioning in Women Surviving to Age 80 and Above in the Women's Health Initiative. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Mar; 71 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S42-53. PMID: 26858324.
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    52. Ip EH, Leng X, Zhang Q, Schwartz R, Chen SH, Dai S, Labarthe D. Risk profiles of lipids, blood pressure, and anthropometric measures in childhood and adolescence: project heartBeat! BMC Obes. 2016; 3:9. PMID: 26929822.
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    53. Bharadwaj MS, Tyrrell DJ, Leng I, Demons JL, Lyles MF, Carr JJ, Nicklas BJ, Molina AJ. Relationships between mitochondrial content and bioenergetics with obesity, body composition and fat distribution in healthy older adults. BMC Obes. 2015; 2:40. PMID: 26448868.
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    54. Chen JC, Espeland MA, Brunner RL, Lovato LC, Wallace RB, Leng X, Phillips LS, Robinson JG, Kotchen JM, Johnson KC, Manson JE, Stefanick ML, Sarto GE, Mysiw WJ. Sleep duration, cognitive decline, and dementia risk in older women. Alzheimers Dement. 2016 Jan; 12(1):21-33. PMID: 26086180.
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    55. Beavers DP, Pettinger M, Espeland MA, Snively BM, Leng X, Hunt JR, Tindle HA, Shumaker SA. The Evolution of the WHI 80+ Cohort. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Mar; 71 Suppl 1:S13-22. PMID: 25922347.
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    56. Chmelo EA, Crotts CI, Newman JC, Brinkley TE, Lyles MF, Leng X, Marsh AP, Nicklas BJ. Heterogeneity of physical function responses to exercise training in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2015 Mar; 63(3):462-9. PMID: 25752778.
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    57. Zhang T, Birbrair A, Wang ZM, Messi ML, Marsh AP, Leng I, Nicklas BJ, Delbono O. Improved knee extensor strength with resistance training associates with muscle specific miRNAs in older adults. Exp Gerontol. 2015 Feb; 62:7-13. PMID: 25560803.
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    58. Houston DK, Leng X, Bray GA, Hergenroeder AL, Hill JO, Jakicic JM, Johnson KC, Neiberg RH, Marsh AP, Rejeski WJ, Kritchevsky SB. A long-term intensive lifestyle intervention and physical function: the look AHEAD Movement and Memory Study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Jan; 23(1):77-84. PMID: 25452229.
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    59. Nicklas BJ, Gaukstern JE, Beavers KM, Newman JC, Leng X, Rejeski WJ. Self-monitoring of spontaneous physical activity and sedentary behavior to prevent weight regain in older adults. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Jun; 22(6):1406-12. PMID: 24585701.
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    60. Brinkley TE, Leng X, Chughtai HL, Nicklas BJ, Kritchevsky SB, Ding J, Kitzman DW, Hundley WG. Periaortic fat and cardiovascular risk: a comparison of high-risk older adults and age-matched healthy controls. Int J Obes (Lond). 2014 Nov; 38(11):1397-402. PMID: 24525960.
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    61. Sawaki L, Butler AJ, Leng X, Wassenaar PA, Mohammad YM, Blanton S, Sathian K, Nichols-Larsen DS, Wolf SL, Good DC, Wittenberg GF. Differential patterns of cortical reorganization following constraint-induced movement therapy during early and late period after stroke: A preliminary study. NeuroRehabilitation. 2014; 35(3):415-26. PMID: 25227542.
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    62. Bracey DN, Seyler TM, Shields JS, Leng X, Jinnah RH, Lang JE. A comparison of acetate and digital templating for hip resurfacing. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2014 Jan; 43(1):E19-24. PMID: 24490189.
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    63. Vaughan L, Leng I, Dagenbach D, Resnick SM, Rapp SR, Jennings JM, Brunner RL, Simpson SL, Beavers DP, Coker LH, Gaussoin SA, Sink KM, Espeland MA. Intraindividual variability in domain-specific cognition and risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res. 2013; 2013:495793. PMID: 24454359.
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    64. Butler SG, Clark H, Baginski SG, Todd JT, Lintzenich C, Leng X. Computed tomography pulmonary findings in healthy older adult aspirators versus nonaspirators. Laryngoscope. 2014 Feb; 124(2):494-7. PMID: 23832617.
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    65. Bischoff WE, Swett K, Leng I, Peters TR. Exposure to influenza virus aerosols during routine patient care. J Infect Dis. 2013 Apr; 207(7):1037-46. PMID: 23372182.
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    66. Ip EH, Zhang Q, Schwartz R, Tooze J, Leng X, Han H, Williamson DA. Multi-profile hidden Markov model for mood, dietary intake, and physical activity in an intervention study of childhood obesity. Stat Med. 2013 Aug 30; 32(19):3314-31. PMID: 23322318.
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    67. Stehle JR, Leng X, Kitzman DW, Nicklas BJ, Kritchevsky SB, High KP. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, a surrogate marker of microbial translocation, is associated with physical function in healthy older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2012 Nov; 67(11):1212-8. PMID: 22960476.
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    68. Feng X, Xu Z, Butler SG, Leng I, Zhang T, Kritchevsky SB. Effects of aging and levodopa on the laryngeal adductor reflex in rats. Exp Gerontol. 2012 Dec; 47(12):900-7. PMID: 22824541.
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    69. Arcury TA, Savoca MR, Anderson AM, Chen H, Gilbert GH, Bell RA, Leng X, Reynolds T, Quandt SA. Dental care utilization among North Carolina rural older adults. J Public Health Dent. 2012; 72(3):190-7. PMID: 22536828.
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    70. Butler SG, Lintzenich CR, Leng X, Stuart A, Feng X, Carr JJ, Kritchevsky SB. Tongue adiposity and strength in healthy older adults. Laryngoscope. 2012 Jul; 122(7):1600-4. PMID: 22522371.
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    71. Loeser RF, Olex AL, McNulty MA, Carlson CS, Callahan MF, Ferguson CM, Chou J, Leng X, Fetrow JS. Microarray analysis reveals age-related differences in gene expression during the development of osteoarthritis in mice. Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Mar; 64(3):705-17. PMID: 21972019.
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    72. Nekl CG, Lintzenich CR, Leng X, Lever T, Butler SG. Effects of effortful swallow on esophageal function in healthy adults. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2012 Mar; 24(3):252-6, e107-8. PMID: 22316290.
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    73. Nicklas BJ, Gaukstern JE, Legault C, Leng I, Rejeski WJ. Intervening on spontaneous physical activity to prevent weight regain in older adults: design of a randomized, clinical trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2012 Mar; 33(2):450-5. PMID: 22155531.
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    74. Butler SG, Maslan J, Stuart A, Leng X, Wilhelm E, Lintzenich CR, Williamson J, Kritchevsky SB. Factors influencing bolus dwell times in healthy older adults assessed endoscopically. Laryngoscope. 2011 Dec; 121(12):2526-34. PMID: 22081498.
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    75. Arcury TA, Chen H, Savoca MR, Anderson AM, Leng X, Bell RA, Quandt SA. Ethnic variation in oral health and social integration among older rural adults. J Appl Gerontol. 2013 Apr; 32(3):302-23. PMID: 23788829.
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    76. Chapman DB, French CC, Leng X, Browne JD, Waltonen JD, Sullivan CA. Parathyroid hormone early percent change: an individualized approach to predict postthyroidectomy hypocalcemia. Am J Otolaryngol. 2012 Mar-Apr; 33(2):216-20. PMID: 21899924.
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    77. Darcy JM, Grzywacz JG, Stephens RL, Leng I, Clinch CR, Arcury TA. Maternal depressive symptomatology: 16-month follow-up of infant and maternal health-related quality of life. J Am Board Fam Med. 2011 May-Jun; 24(3):249-57. PMID: 21551396.
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    78. Maslan J, Leng X, Rees C, Blalock D, Butler SG. Maximum phonation time in healthy older adults. J Voice. 2011 Nov; 25(6):709-13. PMID: 21439778.
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    79. Quandt SA, Savoca MR, Leng X, Chen H, Bell RA, Gilbert GH, Anderson AM, Kohrman T, Arcury TA. Dry mouth and dietary quality in older adults in north Carolina. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011 Mar; 59(3):439-45. PMID: 21391935.
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    80. Butler SG, Stuart A, Leng X, Wilhelm E, Rees C, Williamson J, Kritchevsky SB. The relationship of aspiration status with tongue and handgrip strength in healthy older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2011 Apr; 66(4):452-8. PMID: 21300744.
      Citations:    
    81. Butler SG, Stuart A, Leng X, Rees C, Williamson J, Kritchevsky SB. Factors influencing aspiration during swallowing in healthy older adults. Laryngoscope. 2010 Nov; 120(11):2147-52. PMID: 20938951.
      Citations:    
    82. Helderman JB, Welch CD, Leng X, O'Shea TM. Sepsis-associated electroencephalographic changes in extremely low gestational age neonates. Early Hum Dev. 2010 Aug; 86(8):509-13. PMID: 20708356.
      Citations:    
    83. Olex AL, Hiltbold EM, Leng X, Fetrow JS. Dynamics of dendritic cell maturation are identified through a novel filtering strategy applied to biological time-course microarray replicates. BMC Immunol. 2010 Aug 03; 11:41. PMID: 20682054.
      Citations:    
    84. Van Ness PH, Charpentier PA, Ip EH, Leng X, Murphy TE, Tooze JA, Allore HG. Gerontologic biostatistics: the statistical challenges of clinical research with older study participants. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010 Jul; 58(7):1386-92. PMID: 20533963.
      Citations:    
    85. Savoca MR, Arcury TA, Leng X, Chen H, Bell RA, Anderson AM, Kohrman T, Gilbert GH, Quandt SA. Association between dietary quality of rural older adults and self-reported food avoidance and food modification due to oral health problems. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010 Jul; 58(7):1225-32. PMID: 20533966.
      Citations:    
    86. Puntawangkoon C, Kitzman DW, Kritchevsky SB, Hamilton CA, Nicklas B, Leng X, Brubaker PH, Hundley WG. Reduced peripheral arterial blood flow with preserved cardiac output during submaximal bicycle exercise in elderly heart failure. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2009 Nov 18; 11:48. PMID: 19922666.
      Citations:    
    87. Savoca MR, Arcury TA, Leng X, Chen H, Bell RA, Anderson AM, Kohrman T, Frazier RJ, Gilbert GH, Quandt SA. Severe tooth loss in older adults as a key indicator of compromised dietary quality. Public Health Nutr. 2010 Apr; 13(4):466-74. PMID: 19691903.
      Citations:    
    88. Sink KM, Leng X, Williamson J, Kritchevsky SB, Yaffe K, Kuller L, Yasar S, Atkinson H, Robbins M, Psaty B, Goff DC. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and cognitive decline in older adults with hypertension: results from the Cardiovascular Health Study. Arch Intern Med. 2009 Jul 13; 169(13):1195-202. PMID: 19597068.
      Citations:    
    89. Quandt SA, Chen H, Bell RA, Savoca MR, Anderson AM, Leng X, Kohrman T, Gilbert GH, Arcury TA. Food avoidance and food modification practices of older rural adults: association with oral health status and implications for service provision. Gerontologist. 2010 Feb; 50(1):100-11. PMID: 19574543.
      Citations:    
    90. Hartmann EL, Kitzman D, Rocco M, Leng X, Klepin H, Gordon M, Rejeski J, Berry M, Kritchevsky S. Physical function in older candidates for renal transplantation: an impaired population. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 Mar; 4(3):588-94. PMID: 19261824.
      Citations:    
    91. Brinkley TE, Leng X, Miller ME, Kitzman DW, Pahor M, Berry MJ, Marsh AP, Kritchevsky SB, Nicklas BJ. Chronic inflammation is associated with low physical function in older adults across multiple comorbidities. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009 Apr; 64(4):455-61. PMID: 19196644.
      Citations:    
    92. Sawaki L, Butler AJ, Leng X, Wassenaar PA, Mohammad YM, Blanton S, Sathian K, Nichols-Larsen DS, Wolf SL, Good DC, Wittenberg GF. Constraint-induced movement therapy results in increased motor map area in subjects 3 to 9 months after stroke. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2008 Sep-Oct; 22(5):505-13. PMID: 18780885.
      Citations:    
    93. Grant KA, Leng X, Green HL, Szeliga KT, Rogers LS, Gonzales SW. Drinking typography established by scheduled induction predicts chronic heavy drinking in a monkey model of ethanol self-administration. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2008 Oct; 32(10):1824-38. PMID: 18702645.
      Citations:    
    94. Nicklas BJ, Leng I, Delbono O, Kitzman DW, Marsh AP, Hundley WG, Lyles MF, O'Rourke KS, Annex BH, Kraus WE. Relationship of physical function to vastus lateralis capillary density and metabolic enzyme activity in elderly men and women. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2008 Aug; 20(4):302-9. PMID: 18852542.
      Citations:    
    95. Müller HG, Chiou JM, Leng X. Inferring gene expression dynamics via functional regression analysis. BMC Bioinformatics. 2008 Jan 28; 9:60. PMID: 18226220.
      Citations:    
    96. Leng X, Müller HG. Time ordering of gene coexpression. Biostatistics. 2006 Oct; 7(4):569-84. PMID: 16495429.
      Citations:    
    97. Leng X, Müller HG. Classification using functional data analysis for temporal gene expression data. Bioinformatics. 2006 Jan 01; 22(1):68-76. PMID: 16257986.
      Citations:    
    98. Kaysen GA, Müller HG, Young BS, Leng X, Chertow GM. The influence of patient- and facility-specific factors on nutritional status and survival in hemodialysis. J Ren Nutr. 2004 Apr; 14(2):72-81. PMID: 15060871.
      Citations:    
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