Increased proinsulin levels and decreased acute insulin response independently predict the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the insulin resistance atherosclerosis study.
Hanley AJ, D'Agostino R, Wagenknecht LE, Saad MF, Savage PJ, Bergman R, Haffner SM. Increased proinsulin levels and decreased acute insulin response independently predict the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the insulin resistance atherosclerosis study. Diabetes. 2002 Apr; 51(4):1263-70.