Association between resting heart rate, chronotropic index, and long-term outcomes in patients with heart failure receiving ß-blocker therapy: data from the HF-ACTION trial.
Dobre D, Zannad F, Keteyian SJ, Stevens SR, Rossignol P, Kitzman DW, Landzberg J, Howlett J, Kraus WE, Ellis SJ. Association between resting heart rate, chronotropic index, and long-term outcomes in patients with heart failure receiving ß-blocker therapy: data from the HF-ACTION trial. Eur Heart J. 2013 Aug; 34(29):2271-80.